知识点拨。
詹秀萍。英语中的否定句大多是借助not来构成的，但是有些否定句很特殊，下面就初中课本内容，谈谈几种特殊的否定句，以供同学们学习掌握。
一、当all，everybody，somebody，everyone，someone，something，everything等不定代词做主语的肯定句改为否定句时，一般不在句子中加not，而是往往将all改为none；everybody，everyone改为no one；someone，somebody改为nobody；something，everything改为nothing。例如：
1. all of them like playing football. →none of them like playing football.
2. everybody would like to read the novel. →no one would like to read the novel.
3. there is something wrong with the bike. →there is nothing wrong with the bike.
二、在宾语从句中如果主句中的谓语动词是believe，think，suppose，expect时，改为否定句，习惯上否定主句的谓语动词，而不否定从句的谓语动词，但译成汉语时，仍否定宾语从句。例如：
i think he is right. →i don’t think he is right.
三、当both或both…and做主语时，改为否定句，往往将both改为neither，both … and改为neither … nor。例如：
1. we both did well in the work. →neither of us did well in the work.
2. both he and i are teachers. →neither he nor i am a teacher.
四、当句子中有频率副词always，often，ever，usually时，改为否定句，往往将always改为never，often改为seldom，ever改为never，usually改为seldom。例如：
1. tom always gets up at six o’clock. →tom never gets up at six o’clock.
2. she often goes home in the afternoon. →she seldom goes home in the afternoon.
3. he has ever been to the great wall. →he has never been to the great wall.
五、当句子中有almost，still，everywhere时，改为否定句，往往将almost改为hardly，still改为no longer，everywhere改为nowhere。例如：
1. she almost knows the truth. →she hardly knows the truth.
2. mary is still a teacher. →mary is no longer a teacher.
3. we can find these flowers everywhere. →we can find these flowers nowhere.
六、当做主语的名词前有many，some，much修饰时，改为否定句，将many改为few，much改为little，some修饰可数名词时改为few，修饰不可数名词时改为little。例如：
1. many / some students know that picture. →few students know that picture.
2. much / some water is in the glass. →little water is in the glass.
七、当句子中有“形容词+enough + to do sth.”结构时，改为否定句，将“形容词 + enough + to do sth.”改为“too +原形容词的反义词 + to do sth.
”。例如：
jim is old enough to go to school. →jim is too young to go to school.
八、当句子中有plenty of，something时，改为否定句，将plenty of改为not much或little，something改为nothing。例如：
1. there is plenty of rain in the area. →there is not much rain in the area.
或there is little rain in the area.
2. there is something wrong with the bike. →there is nothing wrong with the bike.
九、在“let sb. do sth.”的祈使句句型中，改为否定句时，应改为“let sb. not do sth.”句型。例如：
let him go to the cinema. →let him not go to the cinema.
十、在“陈述句，and so +助动词 +主语”的并列句句型中，改为否定句，将so改为neither或nor。例如：
i am a teacher, and so is my wife. →i am not a teacher, and nor / neither is my wife.
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